The plant belongs to the hemp family.
It is known since the XIV century. She was raised in monasteries for the needs of the state. After Henry VIII Tudorm became king and issued a decree on the closure of many monasteries, another decree was issued stating that each farmer should sow 1/6 of his cannabis plant, which after ripening was given to the state.
The greatest distribution at that time was in the shipbuilding industry. From the fiber of hemp made threads, of which then sewed sails, which were distinguished by their high strength, lightness and reliability.
Male plants are usually smaller than females, females are more luxuriant and larger on the contrary. Men call "manners" or "roosters", but female "females" or "mothers".
Annual, dioecious, herbaceous plant reaches 2 m in height, has erect branched stem, the thickness of which is up to 0.3 m.
Leaves from above are deep, palpate-separate, regular, with large-toothed, lanceolate lobes, below opposite. Male flowers five-membered, on pedicels, light green, collected in a branchy, paniculate inflorescence; female - form a spicate inflorescence, with a rudimentary flower bed in the sinuses of the upper leaves.
The root has a rod system, with a lot of lateral roots, the rod enters the ground to a depth of almost 2 m. A powerful root system, which allows the plant to have such growth.
Fruit - hidden in the shell seed of a small form, called hemp seed.
Blossoms of cannabis in early summer, namely in June and July. Seeds are harvested after the leaves are discolored, allowing the seeds to ripen and moderately fall behind the plant. This time just falls at the end of the summer, from August to September.
The weight of the seeds is not great. It can be counted, knowing that 1000 seeds weigh only about 25 g.
It grows in Western Siberia, the Volga region, in the Altai in the European part of Russia. Nowadays this plant is cultivated in almost all countries. Officially, the plant is allowed to grow and eat only in Colombia. In other countries, the cultivation, use, distribution or possession is criminally punishable.
The plant is not very susceptible to the sun's rays, but it does not take a constant shadow either. Hemp prefers moderately bright places on the site.
In the stems of cannabis is up to 25% hemp fiber - hemp. This raw material is stronger than flax, but it is less elastic. Of this fiber, ropes and tramp strands, cable yarns, ropes, twines, tarpaulins, and technical fabrics are made.
From the plant only the tops are gathered, blooming only on female individuals. They are torn off, trying not to crush, so that the resin from the plant does not flow in vain. Then the resulting raw material is dried under a canopy or in the shade, from time to time mixing. In dryers, hemp can be dried at a temperature not higher than 60 ° C. The resulting dry product is grinded, making small leaves from leaves and cones.
Seeds are placed on pre-wetted fleece for up to 3 weeks, depending on the germination. At this time, the site for planting should be dug to a depth of about 25 - 30 cm. The site is selected depending on the impact on the site of the sun. The place should be unbroken trees.
After the germination of seeds, they are put in pots or cups and grown as seedlings. In this time it is necessary to water the plant as the land dries out. The sprout should be no more than 15 cm. The distance between the bush should be not less than 40 cm.
Useful and medicinal properties of hemp
From the whole plant hemp for medical and medicinal purposes apply the tops of female individuals and young leaves.
Medical use of cannabis is very limited. Not every country is allowed to use hemp as a medicinal raw material.
This is allowed only in the US and the District of Columbia. Also in such states as California, Colorado, Washington, Montana, Arizona, Alaska, Nevada, New Mexico, New Jersey, Oregon, Vermont, Delaware, Maine, Hawaii, Michigan and Washington.
Active substances that contain hemp: resin, fatty oil, vitamin K, cholesterol, choline, sugars, saponins, edestin, alkaloids, phytoncides, essential little, carotene, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiolic acid, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
Hemp seeds in themselves contain: resin, up to 40% fatty oil, vitamin K, cholesterol, choline, sugar, saponins, edestin.
Leaves and young shoots in themselves contain alkaloids, phytoncides, essential oil and carotene.
In the pre-revolutionary period and domestic medicine, extract and tinctures from cannabis were used as a soothing, analgesic and as an easy hypnotic.
This plant has an anti-inflammatory, softening, soothing, hypnotic, and also has analgesic properties. Juice from leaves or shoots of cannabis is used as a laxative and permeating agent.
In diseases of the kidneys, as a diuretic for cystitis, and as a sedative as well as with a strong cough take 100 ml for 40 minutes before eating.
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